Which subjects are required for different degree courses?

You are advised to consult the list provided by Russell Group universities at http://www.russellgroup.ac.uk/uploads/InformedChoicesupdated.pdf in conjunction with more detailed information on the UCAS website and on university websites. It is important to note that this list notes essential advanced level qualifications only and not the other subjects which will be useful preparation for a degree course in a specific discipline.

Accountancy: usually no subjects are essential although one or two universities require Mathematics.
Actuarial Science/Studies: Mathematics.
Aeronautical Engineering: Mathematics and Physics.
American Studies: requirements vary but English and/or History are often asked for.
Anthropology: no subjects are essential.
Archaeology: no subjects are essential.
Architecture: some courses say they want an arts/science mix. Some may require Art.
Art and Design: Art or Design Technology.
Biochemistry: always Chemistry and some degrees will say that you must have Biology as well, while some say Chemistry plus one from Mathematics/Physics/Biology. Doing Chemistry, Biology and Mathematics or Physics will keep all Biochemistry courses open to you.
Biology: Biology and Chemistry.
Biomedical Sciences (including Medical Science): normally two from Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics and Physics. Chemistry is essential for some courses.
Business Studies: no subjects are essential.
Chemical Engineering: Chemistry and Mathematics and sometimes Physics as well.
Chemistry: Chemistry and occasionally Mathematics. Most courses require Chemistry and would like Mathematics and one other science subject (for example, Physics or Biology).
Childhood Studies: no subjects are essential.
Classical Studies: for Classics courses Latin or Ancient Greek are required. For Classical Studies and Classical Civilisation courses most subjects will be considered. Do note that there are some Classics courses which will allow you to start Latin and/or Classical Greek from scratch.
Computing: for some courses, Mathematics.
Dentistry: Chemistry and Biology for most courses, but some require Mathematics and Physics as well.
Dietetics: Chemistry, Biology.
Drama: some courses require English Literature and for a few courses English and/ or Theatre Studies.
Economics: usually Mathematics.
Electrical/Electronic Engineering: Mathematics, Physics.
Engineering (General): Mathematics and Physics.
English: English Literature. Some courses will accept English Language.
Environmental Science/Studies: many courses will ask for two from Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics and Geography.
European Studies: a modern foreign language.
French: French.
Geography: most degrees require Geography.
Geology/Earth Sciences: usually two from Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
German: German (a handful of universities offer the opportunity to study German from scratch, without German A level).
History: most degrees require History.
History of Art: no subjects are essential.
Italian: Italian or another language such as French, German or Spanish.
Law: usually none, although a few universities require English.
Management Studies: sometimes Mathematics.
Materials Science (including Biomedical Materials Science): normally two from Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics, Biology (also Design Technology for some universities).
Mathematics: Mathematics and sometimes Further Mathematics.
Mechanical Engineering: Mathematics, Physics.
Media Studies (including Communication Studies): a few courses ask for English or Media Studies.
Medicine: If you do Chemistry, Biology and one from Mathematics or Physics you will keep all the medical schools open to you. If you do Chemistry and Biology you will keep open the vast majority. If you do Chemistry and one from Mathematics and Physics you will limit your range of choices much more.
Music: for most traditional courses, Music and Grade VII/VIII
Nursing and Midwifery: usually Biology or another science.
Occupational Therapy: some courses ask for Biology.
Optometry (Ophthalmic Optics): two from Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics or Physics (some courses prefer Biology as pen of the choices).
Orthoptics: Biology.
Pharmacy: Chemistry and one from Biology, Mathematics and Physics keeps the vast majority of courses open to you. Some courses like to see Chemistry, Biology and Mathematics. Doing Chemistry and Biology keeps most courses open.
Philosophy: no subjects are essential.
Physics: Mathematics, Physics.
Physiotherapy: most courses will consider you with just Biology, however some also require a second science from Chemistry, Mathematics or Physics.
Politics: no subjects are essential.
Psychology: a few courses ask for one from Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics.
Religious Studies/Theology: no subjects are essential.
Sociology: no subjects are essential.
Spanish: Spanish (some degrees will also consider French, German or Italian).
Speech Therapy: some degrees want a science such as Biology, Chemistry or Physics. Some specify Biology, but some degrees will consider candidates with none of these.
Sports Science/Physical Education: many courses want to see one from Biology/Chemistry/Mathematics/Physics (some courses will treat Physical Education as a science equivalent).
Surveying: no subjects are essential.
Teacher Training (Primary and/or Secondary): at least one from Art, Biology, Chemistry, Design and Technology, Drama (Theatre Studies), English, French, Geography, German, History, ICT, Italian, Mathematics, Music, Physics, Physical Education, Religious Studies (Theology), Spanish (those best for primary teaching shown in italics).
Veterinary Science: you should do Chemistry and Biology and one from Mathematics/Physics so that you have all universities open to you.